Free tool
EU VAT rates by country
The standard and reduced VAT rates of all 27 EU countries, as they report them to the European Commission. Pick a country below to add VAT to a price or take it out.
VAT on this amount
- Before VAT
- 100.00
- VAT
- 19.00
- With VAT
- 119.00
VAT rates in the EU, 2026
| Country | Code | Standard | Reduced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | AT | 20% | 13%, 10%, 4.9% 4.9% on some basic foods from 1 July 2026. |
| Belgium | BE | 21% | 12%, 6% |
| Bulgaria | BG | 20% | 9% |
| Croatia | HR | 25% | 13%, 5% |
| Cyprus | CY | 19% | 9%, 5%, 3% |
| Czechia | CZ | 21% | 12% |
| Denmark | DK | 25% | — |
| Estonia | EE | 24% | 13%, 9% |
| Finland | FI | 25.5% | 13.5%, 10% |
| France | FR | 20% | 10%, 5.5%, 2.1% |
| Germany | DE | 19% | 7% |
| Greece | EL | 24% | 13%, 6%, 4% |
| Hungary | HU | 27% | 18%, 5% |
| Ireland | IE | 23% | 13.5%, 9%, 4.8% 4.8% on livestock. |
| Italy | IT | 22% | 10%, 5%, 4% |
| Latvia | LV | 21% | 12%, 5% |
| Lithuania | LT | 21% | 12%, 5% |
| Luxembourg | LU | 17% | 14%, 8%, 3% |
| Malta | MT | 18% | 12%, 7%, 5% |
| Netherlands | NL | 21% | 9% |
| Poland | PL | 23% | 8%, 5% |
| Portugal | PT | 23% | 13%, 6% Mainland. Madeira 22%, Azores 16%. |
| Romania | RO | 21% | 11% |
| Slovakia | SK | 23% | 19%, 5% |
| Slovenia | SI | 22% | 9.5%, 5% |
| Spain | ES | 21% | 10%, 4% |
| Sweden | SE | 25% | 12%, 6% |
From the rates the EU countries report to the European Commission's Taxes in Europe database, compared with it every day; last changed on 31 October 2026. Zero rates and special regional rates are not listed. Which products get which reduced rate differs by country — look the product up there before you rely on a rate. Changes this year include Finland's reduced rate (14% → 13.5%), Lithuania's (9% → 12% and 5%) and Austria's new 4.9% on basic foods.
Which rate applies to your sale
- A business in another EU country, with a valid VAT number: usually no VAT — the reverse charge applies. Check the number first with the free EU VAT number check, and put the reverse-charge wording on the invoice.
- Consumers in other EU countries: above €10,000 a year of such sales across the EU, the buyer's country's rate, declared through the One-Stop Shop (OSS). Below it, your own rate.
- Anyone in your own country: your own country's rate.
Removing VAT for EU businesses on Shopify
Shopify works out the rates itself. What it doesn't do on Basic, Grow or Advanced is check a business buyer's VAT number and remove the VAT. EU VAT & VIES adds the VAT number field, checks it against VIES and applies Shopify's own reverse-charge exemption, so reduced-rate products come out right too.
Questions
Which country's rate do I charge?
For a sale to a business in another EU country with a valid VAT number, usually none: the reverse charge applies and the buyer accounts for the VAT. For sales to consumers in other EU countries above the €10,000 a year threshold, you charge the rate of the buyer's country, usually through the One-Stop Shop (OSS). Below it, and for sales in your own country, your own country's rate.
What are reduced rates for?
Each country chooses which goods and services get a reduced rate, from a list in the EU VAT Directive — typically food, books, medicines, passenger transport, hotels and some repairs. The same product can be standard-rated in one country and reduced in another, so check the country's own list.
Which EU country has the highest and the lowest VAT?
Hungary has the highest standard rate, 27%. Luxembourg has the lowest, 17%. The EU minimum for a standard rate is 15%.
How do I work out VAT from a price that includes it?
Divide the price by 1 plus the rate. At 21%, a €121 price is €121 ÷ 1.21 = €100 before VAT, so the VAT is €21. Tick "The amount includes VAT" in the calculator above to do this.